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Policy-adherent tool-calling agents in customer-service domains must maintain task states across turns while calling tools and obeying domain policies.
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in personally and societally consequential settings, yet the visual cues that shape how these models judge people remain poorly understood.
To align a Large Language Model (LLM), most existing methods collect explicit human feedback and train a reward model to predict the human preference based on the response text.
While LLMs represent a scalable solution for assisting humans in the generation of counterspeech for both threats, zero-shot models frequently generate repetitive and vague responses, underscoring the need for high-quality examples to steer…
PsyScore comprises three key modules: a Trait-Adaptive Neural IRT Scorer that incorporates the Graded Partial Credit Model (GPCM) into a neural architecture, enabling the precise estimation of student ability while maintaining psychometric…
We introduce the Meaning Intelligence Framework (MIF), a nine-dimension annotation and evaluation schema for Nigerian public discourse that separates surface sentiment from true communicative intent.
Psychological instruments designed for humans are increasingly used to assign large language models (LLMs) stable psychological profiles that affect their usability, safety assessment, and use as proxies for human participants in research.
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Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed in unfamiliar and evolving environments, requiring them to proactively explore, understand, and adapt to environmental dynamics.
To address this gap, we introduce AdaExploreBench, a benchmark for proactive exploration and test-time adaptation in evolving environments.
Across mathematical-reasoning and code-generation benchmarks on two base models, LP-SMC raises oracle coverage, the fraction of problems with at least one correct particle, in every setting, by 1.8 to 25.6 points, and raises end-to-end…
Long-context language models (LCLMs) power agents that act over long trajectories, from improving a codebase to running research experiments to forecasters that condition on lengthy histories.
In this work, we introduce LEAPS (Long-context Evaluation of Adaptive Pattern learning and State tracking), a collection of 12 novel datasets, spanning agentic workflows, behavioral modeling, and forecasting of market and world events.
Experiments on Llama-3, Qwen2.5, and Olmo-3 across multiple benchmarks demonstrate that FisherEdit achieves state-of-the-art performance while better preserving model stability and downstream task accuracy.
Software engineering (SWE) benchmarks are the primary way to measure the capabilities of coding agents: an agent is placed in a code repository or machine environment, given a request, and judged by hidden tests.
We introduce SWE-Residual, a benchmark for Starting-State Robustness: the ability to maintain performance on a task when the starting state already contains earlier work on that task.
On five benchmarks including mathematical reasoning, tool calling, and agent memory, GLOBE cuts output tokens by 49.7% and active end-to-end wall time (E2E) by 51.0% across two models, and achieves a five-task average of 80.58%, comparable…
Experiments across four advanced LRMs and five benchmarks show that CALM reduces token consumption by 18.6%-25.0% compared with full CoT reasoning while maintaining performance, and can even improve accuracy by 0.07%-1.48% by reducing…
LLM-as-a-Judge results also demonstrate that CALM provides more coherent and concise results.
However, human communication follows extensive norms regarding non-verbal vocalizations (NVVs) spanning respiratory, affective, and discourse.
In this work, we cover 13 major types of NVVs and construct a natural dialogue dataset that conforms to human conversational norms through an automated synthesis pipeline.
Experiments across two model scales and nine benchmarks show that IGPO achieves up to 62% average token reduction and better overall performance among compared methods.
Its contribution to digital humanities depends on retaining the relationship between a computational representation and the document from which it was made.
This chapter follows that relationship from source collection and Arabic text processing to the analysis of vocabulary, evaluation, entities, causal attribution and multilingual reporting.