- Cliff Tokens: Identifying Single-Token Failure Triggers in LLM Mathematical Reasoning
Jaeyong Ko, Pilsung Kang, Yukyung Lee · Jun 24, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics
Across seven models and three mathematical reasoning benchmarks (GSM1K, MATH500, AIME 2025), cliff tokens act as failure triggers; deleting the first cliff token and resampling recovers pass@64 to 1.0, while keeping it limits recovery to…
- Learning How to Use Tools, Not Just When: Pattern-Aware Tool-Integrated Reasoning
Ningning Xu, Yuxuan Jiang, Shubhashis Roy Dipta, Hengyuan Zhang · Sep 27, 2025 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics
We propose a two-stage framework that first builds code competence from both patterns and then aligns pattern selection with teacher preferences.
- Blockwise Policy-Drift Gating for On-Policy Distillation
Liwen Zheng, Haiyun Jiang · Jun 23, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
In a six-variant Qwen3 math reasoning benchmark with a uniform 200-step training budget for all trained variants, we use pass@8 as the primary problem-level solve-rate metric.
- S0 Tuning: Zero-Overhead Adaptation of Hybrid Recurrent-Attention Models
Jack Young · Apr 1, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
Using roughly 48 execution-verified HumanEval training solutions, tuning a single initial state matrix per recurrent layer, with zero inference overhead, outperforms LoRA by +10.8 pp (p < 0.001) on HumanEval.
- Top-b: Entropic Regulation of Relative Probability Bands in Autoregressive Language Processes
Deepon Halder, Raj Dabre · Mar 15, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
Empirical validation on GPQA and GSM8K benchmarks indicates that Top-b significantly reduces generation entropy and inter-decoding variance while maintaining competitive reasoning accuracy, effectively approximating a self-regulating…
- D-COT: Disciplined Chain-of-Thought Learning for Efficient Reasoning in Small Language Models
Shunsuke Ubukata · Feb 25, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
In this study, we propose Disciplined Chain-of-Thought (D-CoT), a novel framework that enforces a structured reasoning process using control tags -- such as <TEMP_LOW> for fact-checking and <TEMP_HIGH> for multi-perspective exploration --…
- Cache What Lasts: Token Retention for Memory-Bounded KV Cache in LLMs
Ngoc Bui, Shubham Sharma, Simran Lamba, Saumitra Mishra, Rex Ying · Dec 3, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
Across mathematical reasoning (GSM8K, MATH-500, AIME24), procedural generation (LongProc), conversational long-memory benchmarks (LongMemEval), and long-context understanding (LongBenchV2 and SCBench), TRIM-KV consistently outperforms…
- Accelerated Test-Time Scaling with Model-Free Speculative Sampling
Woomin Song, Saket Dingliwal, Sai Muralidhar Jayanthi, Bhavana Ganesh, Jinwoo Shin · Jun 5, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
Extensive evaluations across multiple models and reasoning tasks (AIME-2024, GPQA-Diamond, and LiveCodeBench) demonstrate that STAND reduces inference latency by 60-65% compared to standard autoregressive decoding while maintaining…
- DeepPrune: Parallel Scaling without Inter-trace Redundancy
Shangqing Tu, Yaxuan Li, Yushi Bai, Lei Hou, Juanzi Li · Oct 9, 2025 · Citations: 0
Llm As JudgeAutomatic Metrics
Our method features a specialized judge model trained with out-of-distribution data (AIME 2022, AIME 2023, and MATH 500) using oversampling techniques to accurately predict answer equivalence from partial reasoning traces, achieving 0.7072…
- SIGMA: Search-Augmented On-Demand Knowledge Integration for Agentic Mathematical Reasoning
Ali Asgarov, Umid Suleymanov, Aadyant Khatri · Oct 31, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
We introduce SIGMA (Search-Augmented On-Demand Knowledge Integration for AGentic Mathematical reAsoning), a unified framework that orchestrates specialized agents to independently reason, perform targeted searches, and synthesize findings…
- Towards Hierarchical Multi-Step Reward Models for Enhanced Reasoning in Large Language Models
Teng Wang, Zhangyi Jiang, Zhenqi He, Shenyang Tong, Wenhan Yang · Mar 16, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics
Empirical results on the PRM800K dataset show that HRM, together with HNC, provides more stable and reliable evaluations than PRM.
- Schema for In-Context Learning
Pan Chen, Shaohong Chen, Mark Wang, Shi Xuan Leong, Priscilla Fung · Oct 14, 2025 · Citations: 0
Demonstrations
Inspired by cognitive science, specifically schema theory, which holds that humans interpret new information by activating pre-existing mental frameworks (schemas) to structure understanding, we introduce Schema-Activated In-Context…
- ACC: Compiling Agent Trajectories for Long-Context Training
Qisheng Su, Zhen Fang, Shiting Huang, Yu Zeng, Yiming Zhao · May 21, 2026 · Citations: 0
- LamPO: A Lambda Style Policy Optimization for Reasoning Language Models
Zhe Yuan, Yipeng Zhou, Jinghan Li, Xinyuan Chen, Bowen Deng · May 20, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Weak-to-Strong Elicitation via Mismatched Wrong Drafts
Wei Deng · May 17, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Minimal-Intervention KV Retention via Set-Conditioned Diversity
Libo Sun, Po-wei Harn, Peixiong He, Xiao Qin · May 14, 2026 · Citations: 0
- FocuSFT: Bilevel Optimization for Dilution-Aware Long-Context Fine-Tuning
Zehua Pei, Hui-Ling Zhen, Xianzhi Yu, Sinno Jialin Pan, Mingxuan Yuan · May 11, 2026 · Citations: 0
- The Metacognitive Probe: Five Behavioural Calibration Diagnostics for LLMs
Rafael C. T. Oliveira · May 11, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Not All Thoughts Need HBM: Semantics-Aware Memory Hierarchy for LLM Reasoning
Aojie Yuan, Tianqi Shen, Dajun Zhang · May 10, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Rubric-Grounded RL: Structured Judge Rewards for Generalizable Reasoning
Manish Bhattarai, Ismael Boureima, Nishath Rajiv Ranasinghe, Scott Pakin, Dan O'Malley · May 8, 2026 · Citations: 0
- RVPO: Risk-Sensitive Alignment via Variance Regularization
Ivan Montero, Tomasz Jurczyk, Bhuwan Dhingra · May 7, 2026 · Citations: 0
- RAG over Thinking Traces Can Improve Reasoning Tasks
Negar Arabzadeh, Wenjie Ma, Sewon Min, Matei Zaharia · May 5, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Learning to Communicate: Toward End-to-End Optimization of Multi-Agent Language Systems
Ye Yu, Heming Liu, Haibo Jin, Xiaopeng Yuan, Peng Kuang · Apr 23, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Process Supervision via Verbal Critique Improves Reasoning in Large Language Models
Hao-Yuan Chen · Apr 23, 2026 · Citations: 0
- TRACES: Tagging Reasoning Steps for Adaptive Cost-Efficient Early-Stopping
Yannis Belkhiter, Seshu Tirupathi, Giulio Zizzo, John D. Kelleher · Apr 22, 2026 · Citations: 0
- MoE-nD: Per-Layer Mixture-of-Experts Routing for Multi-Axis KV Cache Compression
Libo Sun, Peixiong He, Po-Wei Harn, Xiao Qin · Apr 20, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Peer-Predictive Self-Training for Language Model Reasoning
Shi Feng, Hanlin Zhang, Fan Nie, Sham Kakade, Yiling Chen · Apr 14, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Sensitivity-Positional Co-Localization in GQA Transformers
Manoj Chandrashekar Rao · Apr 9, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Squeeze Evolve: Unified Multi-Model Orchestration for Verifier-Free Evolution
Monishwaran Maheswaran, Leon Lakhani, Zhongzhu Zhou, Shijia Yang, Junxiong Wang · Apr 9, 2026 · Citations: 0
- SortedRL: Accelerating RL Training for LLMs through Online Length-Aware Scheduling
Yiqi Zhang, Huiqiang Jiang, Xufang Luo, Zhihe Yang, Chengruidong Zhang · Mar 24, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Off-Policy Value-Based Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models
Peng-Yuan Wang, Ziniu Li, Tian Xu, Bohan Yang, Tian-Shuo Liu · Mar 24, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Lie to Me: How Faithful Is Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Reasoning Models?
Richard J. Young · Mar 23, 2026 · Citations: 0
- TERMINATOR: Learning Optimal Exit Points for Early Stopping in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Alliot Nagle, Jakhongir Saydaliev, Dhia Garbaya, Michael Gastpar, Ashok Vardhan Makkuva · Mar 13, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Tool Verification for Test-Time Reinforcement Learning
Ruotong Liao, Nikolai Röhrich, Xiaohan Wang, Yuhui Zhang, Yasaman Samadzadeh · Mar 2, 2026 · Citations: 0
- CHIMERA: Compact Synthetic Data for Generalizable LLM Reasoning
Xinyu Zhu, Yihao Feng, Yanchao Sun, Xianzhi Du, Pingzhi Li · Mar 1, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Draft-Thinking: Learning Efficient Reasoning in Long Chain-of-Thought LLMs
Jie Cao, Tianwei Lin, Zhenxuan Fan, Bo Yuan, Ziyuan Zhao · Feb 28, 2026 · Citations: 0
- LLM Compression by Block Removal with Constrained Binary Optimization
David Jansen, Roman Rausch, Ali Hashemi, David Montero, Román Orús · Jan 29, 2026 · Citations: 0
- TRIM: Hybrid Inference via Targeted Stepwise Routing in Multi-Step Reasoning Tasks
Vansh Kapoor, Aman Gupta, Hao Chen, Anurag Beniwal, Jing Huang · Jan 15, 2026 · Citations: 0
- PILOT: Planning via Internalized Latent Optimization Trajectories for Large Language Models
Haoyu Zheng, Yun Zhu, Yuqian Yuan, Bo Yuan, Wenqiao Zhang · Jan 7, 2026 · Citations: 0
- Self-Consistency Is Losing Its Edge: Diminishing Returns and Rising Costs in Modern LLMs
Chiyan Loo · Nov 2, 2025 · Citations: 0
- Merlin's Whisper: Enabling Efficient Reasoning in Large Language Models via Black-box Persuasive Prompting
Heming Xia, Cunxiao Du, Rui Li, Chak Tou Leong, Yongqi Li · Oct 12, 2025 · Citations: 0
- SPG: Sandwiched Policy Gradient for Masked Diffusion Language Models
Chenyu Wang, Paria Rashidinejad, DiJia Su, Song Jiang, Sid Wang · Oct 10, 2025 · Citations: 0
- Top-H Decoding: Adapting the Creativity and Coherence with Bounded Entropy in Text Generation
Erfan Baghaei Potraghloo, Seyedarmin Azizi, Souvik Kundu, Massoud Pedram · Sep 2, 2025 · Citations: 0
- PiCSAR: Probabilistic Confidence Selection And Ranking for Reasoning Chains
Joshua Ong Jun Leang, Zheng Zhao, Aryo Pradipta Gema, Sohee Yang, Wai-Chung Kwan · Aug 29, 2025 · Citations: 0
- Strategic Scaling of Test-Time Compute: A Bandit Learning Approach
Bowen Zuo, Yinglun Zhu · Jun 15, 2025 · Citations: 0