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HFEPX · Eval paper review

MIND: Unified Inquiry and Diagnosis RL with Criteria Grounded Clinical Supports for Psychiatric Consultation

Guoyi Li, Shihao Xu, Jiatong Ma, Yunyun Han +2 more

Published

Mar 4, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

Moderate

Usefulness score

65/100 (Medium)

Extraction confidence

70% (Moderate)

Derived from extracted protocol signals and abstract evidence.

Rater population

Not reported

Signals refreshed

Mar 4, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

This paper has useful evaluation signal, but protocol completeness is partial; pair it with related papers before deciding implementation strategy.

Use this for comparison and orientation, not as your only source.

Best use

Secondary protocol comparison source

Use if you need

A secondary eval reference to pair with stronger protocol papers.

What to verify

Validate the evaluation procedure and quality controls in the full paper before operational use.

Main weakness

No major weakness surfaced.

Human feedback signal
Detected
From extracted signals
Evaluation signal
Detected
Eval setup described
Usefulness for eval research
65/100
Moderate-confidence candidate

Useful as a secondary reference; validate protocol details against neighboring papers.

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning. However, existing methods face two fundamental challenges. First, without criteria-grounded clinical supports, they are prone to unsupported clinical assertions when symptoms are atypical or underspecified. Second, in multi-turn interactions, they struggle to mitigate inquiry drift (off-topic or low-yield questioning) and optimize questioning strategies. To address these challenges, we propose MIND, a unified inquiry--diagnosis reinforcement learning framework for psychiatric consultation. Specifically, we build a Criteria-Grounded Psychiatric Reasoning Bank (PRB) that summarizes dialogue context into clinical retrieval states, retrieves semantically similar reference consultations, and distills reusable criteria-grounded clinical supports to guide criteria-aligned inquiry and reasoning. Building on this foundation, MIND enforces explicit clinical reasoning with rubric-based process rewards to provide fine-grained supervision over intermediate decision steps, and incorporates a value-aware trajectory rectification mechanism to jointly improve information acquisition and diagnostic decision-making across turns. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MIND consistently outperforms strong baselines in diagnostic accuracy, empathetic interaction quality, interpretability, and generalization.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

strong

Rubric Rating

Directly usable for protocol triage.

"Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning."

Evaluation Modes

strong

Automatic Metrics

Includes extracted eval setup.

"Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning."

Quality Controls

missing

Not reported

No explicit QC controls found.

"Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning."

Benchmarks / Datasets

missing

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning."

Reported Metrics

strong

Accuracy

Useful for evaluation criteria comparison.

"Extensive experiments demonstrate that MIND consistently outperforms strong baselines in diagnostic accuracy, empathetic interaction quality, interpretability, and generalization."

Benchmarks and datasets

No benchmark or dataset names were extracted from the available abstract.

Reported metrics

accuracy
Human feedback details
Uses human feedback
Yes
Feedback types
Rubric Rating
Rater population
Not reported
Unit of annotation
Multi Dim Rubric
Expertise required
Medicine
Evaluation details
Evaluation modes
Automatic Metrics
Agentic eval
Long Horizon
Quality controls
Not reported
Evidence quality
Moderate
Use this page as
Secondary protocol comparison source

Research brief

Metadata summary

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract psychopathological cues from incomplete and inconsistent patient reports in multi-turn interactions and perform rigorous differential diagnostic reasoning.
  • However, existing methods face two fundamental challenges.
  • First, without criteria-grounded clinical supports, they are prone to unsupported clinical assertions when symptoms are atypical or underspecified.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Validate inferred eval signals (Automatic metrics) against the full paper.
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

Contribution summary

  • Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract…
  • To address these challenges, we propose MIND, a unified inquiry--diagnosis reinforcement learning framework for psychiatric consultation.
  • Extensive experiments demonstrate that MIND consistently outperforms strong baselines in diagnostic accuracy, empathetic interaction quality, interpretability, and generalization.

Why it matters for eval

  • Large language models (LLMs) have advanced medical dialogue systems, yet psychiatric consultation poses substantially higher demands due to subjective ambiguity and comorbidity complexity: an agent must continuously extract…

Researcher checklist

  • Human feedback protocol is explicit

    Detected: Rubric Rating

  • Evaluation mode is explicit

    Detected: Automatic Metrics

  • Quality control reporting appears

    No calibration/adjudication/IAA control explicitly detected.

  • Benchmark or dataset anchors are present

    No benchmark/dataset anchor extracted from abstract.

  • Metric reporting is present

    Detected: accuracy