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HFEPX · Eval paper review

Agent-R^2: Scaling Agents for Realistic Productivity Work via Real-Source Data Synthesis

Teng Pan, Zixuan Wang, Yuchen Yan, Qifei Wu +4 more

Published

Nov 5, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

Moderate

Usefulness score

40/100 (Low)

Extraction confidence

50% (Moderate)

Derived from extracted protocol signals and abstract evidence.

Rater population

Not reported

Signals refreshed

Nov 5, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

This paper is adjacent to HFEPX scope and is best used for background context, not as a primary protocol reference.

Use this for comparison and orientation, not as your only source.

Best use

Background context only

Use if you need

A secondary eval reference to pair with stronger protocol papers.

What to verify

Read the full paper before copying any benchmark, metric, or protocol choices.

Main weakness

The abstract does not clearly name benchmarks or metrics.

Human feedback signal
Detected
From extracted signals
Evaluation signal
Detected
Eval setup described
Usefulness for eval research
40/100
Adjacent candidate

Treat as adjacent context, not a core eval-method reference.

Abstract

Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans. However, current agents still struggle to finish such tasks, where success requires following long-horizon professional workflows, understanding heterogeneous file contexts, and producing usable deliverables under fine-grained requirements. A key bottleneck is the lack of scalable post-training data that reflects real work intent, authentic file environments, and deliverable-level evaluation. To close this gap, we introduce Agent-R$^2$, a $\textbf{r}$eal-source data synthesis framework that scales training data for $\textbf{r}$ealistic productivity work. Instead of relying on manually specified workflows or LLM-generated files, Agent-R$^2$ grounds synthesis throughout the pipeline in real occupational seeds, corpus-derived workflow evidence, and authentic web-sourced files. From 10k web-corpus candidates, Agent-R$^2$ distills 4k task instances that pair real multi-format attachments with fine-grained, deliverable-level rubrics. On this data, we train Agent-R$^2$-4B via supervised fine-tuning and rubric-based reinforcement learning, improving both end-to-end productivity performance and file-grounded reasoning. Trained on only 4k instances, Agent-R$^2$-4B surpasses Qwen3-235B-A22B-Thinking-2507 on both GDPval (51.0$\%$ vs. 48.0$\%$) and OfficeQA (14.8$\%$ vs. 13.8$\%$). Further analysis shows that Agent-R$^2$ mitigates shortcut behavior, where agents produce superficially plausible deliverables before sufficiently grounding, constructing, or verifying them, while promoting sustained exploration.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

strong

Rubric Rating

Directly usable for protocol triage.

"Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans."

Evaluation Modes

missing

None explicit

Validate eval design from full paper text.

"Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans."

Quality Controls

missing

Not reported

No explicit QC controls found.

"Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans."

Benchmarks / Datasets

missing

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans."

Reported Metrics

missing

Not extracted

No metric anchors detected.

"Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans."

Benchmarks and datasets

No benchmark or dataset names were extracted from the available abstract.

Reported metrics

No metric terms were extracted from the available abstract.

Human feedback details
Uses human feedback
Yes
Feedback types
Rubric Rating
Rater population
Not reported
Unit of annotation
Multi Dim Rubric
Expertise required
General
Evaluation details
Evaluation modes
None
Agentic eval
Tool Use, Long Horizon
Quality controls
Not reported
Evidence quality
Moderate
Use this page as
Background context only

Research brief

Metadata summary

Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans.
  • However, current agents still struggle to finish such tasks, where success requires following long-horizon professional workflows, understanding heterogeneous file contexts, and producing usable deliverables under fine-grained requirements.
  • A key bottleneck is the lack of scalable post-training data that reflects real work intent, authentic file environments, and deliverable-level evaluation.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Validate inferred eval signals (Tool-use evaluation, Long-horizon tasks) against the full paper.
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

Recommended queries

Contribution summary

  • Large language models have made rapid progress in agentic reasoning and tool use, raising expectations for agents that can take over realistic productivity work from humans.
  • However, current agents still struggle to finish such tasks, where success requires following long-horizon professional workflows, understanding heterogeneous file contexts, and producing usable deliverables under fine-grained requirements.

Why it matters for eval

  • A key bottleneck is the lack of scalable post-training data that reflects real work intent, authentic file environments, and deliverable-level evaluation.

Researcher checklist

  • Human feedback protocol is explicit

    Detected: Rubric Rating

  • Evaluation mode is explicit

    No clear evaluation mode extracted.

  • Quality control reporting appears

    No calibration/adjudication/IAA control explicitly detected.

  • Benchmark or dataset anchors are present

    No benchmark/dataset anchor extracted from abstract.

  • Metric reporting is present

    No metric terms extracted.