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HFEPX · Eval paper review

Do LLM Recommenders Know When They're Hallucinating? Auditing Confidence Calibration in Catalog Faithfulness

Srijith Ravikumar

Published

Aug 7, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

Low

Usefulness score

15/100 (Low)

Extraction confidence

45% (Low)

Derived from extracted protocol signals and abstract evidence.

Rater population

Not reported

Signals refreshed

Aug 12, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

This paper is adjacent to HFEPX scope and is best used for background context, not as a primary protocol reference.

Use this as background context only. Do not make protocol decisions from this page alone.

Best use

Background context only

Use if you need

A secondary eval reference to pair with stronger protocol papers.

What to verify

Validate the exact study setup in the full paper before operational use.

Main weakness

This paper looks adjacent to evaluation work, but not like a strong protocol reference.

Human feedback signal
Not explicit
Not explicit in abstract metadata
Evaluation signal
Detected
Eval setup described
Usefulness for eval research
15/100
Adjacent candidate

Treat as adjacent context, not a core eval-method reference.

Abstract

LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog. Prior audits report a binary out-of-domain rate; none ask whether the model knew. We jointly audit hallucination rate (OOD@10) and verbalized-confidence calibration (ECE, Brier, reliability) for four zero-shot LLM recommenders from four independent vendors (Mistral Large, Llama-3.3-70B, GPT-OSS-120B, Claude Sonnet 4.6), not grounded or fine-tuned systems, across three catalogs (MovieLens-25M, Amazon Reviews 2023 Toys, Yelp Open Dataset), stratified by item popularity. Measuring catalog membership is itself the hard part: on identical outputs the reported rate moves by an order of magnitude with the string matcher used, and F1 cannot separate the candidates. We validate the instrument against 201 human judgments and select on net bias, where the adopted one is off by -0.040 against +0.144 for the common fuzzy rule. Hallucination is then strongly catalog-dependent (0.6-2.7% on MovieLens, 11.6-38.7% on Yelp, 49.3-61.0% on Amazon Toys). Each model holds a near-constant confidence level barely responsive to the catalog, while the catalog-hit rate swings 60 points, so the sign of the error is set by where a model's constant lands against a catalog's accuracy: 7 of the twelve cells are under-confident and 5 over-confident, all four under-confident on MovieLens, all four over-confident on Amazon Toys. We read this as an elicitation mismatch: "Just Ask" elicits a generic quality rating, not a catalog-membership probability. A conformal abstention threshold over verbalized confidence changes hallucination by at most 1.65 pp across four alpha levels, because the channel cannot separate correct items from hallucinations. We recommend that audits report calibration alongside OOD, validate the matcher producing the OOD number, and use catalog-anchored elicitation.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

missing

None explicit

No explicit feedback protocol extracted.

"LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog."

Evaluation Modes

partial

Automatic Metrics

Includes extracted eval setup.

"LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog."

Quality Controls

partial

Calibration

Calibration/adjudication style controls detected.

"We jointly audit hallucination rate (OOD@10) and verbalized-confidence calibration (ECE, Brier, reliability) for four zero-shot LLM recommenders from four independent vendors (Mistral Large, Llama-3.3-70B, GPT-OSS-120B, Claude Sonnet 4.6), not grounded or fine-tuned systems, across three catalogs (MovieLens-25M, Amazon Reviews 2023 Toys, Yelp Open Dataset), stratified by item popularity."

Benchmarks / Datasets

missing

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog."

Reported Metrics

partial

Accuracy, F1, Brier score, Calibration error, Hallucination rate, Faithfulness

Useful for evaluation criteria comparison.

"We jointly audit hallucination rate (OOD@10) and verbalized-confidence calibration (ECE, Brier, reliability) for four zero-shot LLM recommenders from four independent vendors (Mistral Large, Llama-3.3-70B, GPT-OSS-120B, Claude Sonnet 4.6), not grounded or fine-tuned systems, across three catalogs (MovieLens-25M, Amazon Reviews 2023 Toys, Yelp Open Dataset), stratified by item popularity."

Benchmarks and datasets

No benchmark or dataset names were extracted from the available abstract.

Reported metrics

accuracyf1brier scorecalibration errorhallucination ratefaithfulness
Human feedback details
Uses human feedback
No
Feedback types
None
Rater population
Not reported
Expertise required
General
Evaluation details
Evaluation modes
Automatic Metrics
Agentic eval
None
Quality controls
Calibration
Evidence quality
Low
Use this page as
Background context only

Research brief

Metadata summary

LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • LLM recommenders for top-K item suggestion regularly emit titles outside the target catalog.
  • Prior audits report a binary out-of-domain rate; none ask whether the model knew.
  • We jointly audit hallucination rate (OOD@10) and verbalized-confidence calibration (ECE, Brier, reliability) for four zero-shot LLM recommenders from four independent vendors (Mistral Large, Llama-3.3-70B, GPT-OSS-120B, Claude Sonnet 4.6), not grounded or fine-tuned systems, across three catalogs (MovieLens-25M, Amazon Reviews 2023 Toys, Yelp Open Dataset), stratified by item popularity.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Validate inferred eval signals (Automatic metrics) against the full paper.
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

Recommended queries

Contribution summary

  • Measuring catalog membership is itself the hard part: on identical outputs the reported rate moves by an order of magnitude with the string matcher used, and F1 cannot separate the candidates.
  • We validate the instrument against 201 human judgments and select on net bias, where the adopted one is off by -0.040 against +0.144 for the common fuzzy rule.
  • Hallucination is then strongly catalog-dependent (0.6-2.7% on MovieLens, 11.6-38.7% on Yelp, 49.3-61.0% on Amazon Toys).

Why it matters for eval

  • We validate the instrument against 201 human judgments and select on net bias, where the adopted one is off by -0.040 against +0.144 for the common fuzzy rule.

Researcher checklist

  • Human feedback protocol is explicit

    No explicit human feedback protocol detected.

  • Evaluation mode is explicit

    Detected: Automatic Metrics

  • Quality control reporting appears

    Detected: Calibration

  • Benchmark or dataset anchors are present

    No benchmark/dataset anchor extracted from abstract.

  • Metric reporting is present

    Detected: accuracy, f1, brier score, calibration error