Skip to content
OpenTrain AIFor AI Companies

HFEPX · Eval paper review

Morpheus: a fully local, defense-in-depth de-identification engine for Greek clinical text - a benchmark evaluation

Filippos-Paschalis Rorris, Nikoleta Stanitsa, Tatiana Rorri, Foteini Rorri +1 more

Published

Oct 18, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

High

Usefulness score

75/100 (High)

Extraction confidence

80% (High)

Derived from extracted protocol signals and abstract evidence.

Rater population

Domain Experts

Signals refreshed

Oct 18, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

This paper has strong direct human-feedback and evaluation protocol signal and is suitable as a primary eval pipeline reference.

Use this as a practical starting point for protocol research, then validate against the original paper.

Best use

Primary protocol reference for eval design

Use if you need

A concrete protocol example with enough signal to inform rater workflow design.

What to verify

Validate the exact study setup in the full paper before operational use.

Main weakness

No major weakness surfaced.

Human feedback signal
Detected
From extracted signals
Evaluation signal
Detected
Eval setup described
Usefulness for eval research
75/100
High-confidence candidate

Use this as a primary source when designing or comparing eval protocols.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text. We evaluated Morpheus, a fully local de-identification pipeline for Greek clinical documents, on 500 synthetic discharge summaries. Methods: The notes (300 cardiac surgery, 100 cardiology, 100 nephrology) were generated by a frontier large language model (Gemini 3.1 Pro) constrained to authentic Greek hospital document layouts. Notes were pre-annotated at generation; two clinicians then independently reviewed and corrected every note, blinded to each other, with disagreements arbitrated. Primary outcomes were recall over must-redact identifiers and over-redaction of clinical content, measured over must-survive probes. Secondary outcomes: residual leaks flagged by an independent egress-review layer, processing time and reproducibility. Results: Inter-annotator agreement was F1 = 0.998. The de-identification rate was 96.59% (7,666/7,937 identifier instances; 95% CI 96.16-96.96): 98.49% for direct and 93.42% for quasi-identifiers. No patient's own complete identifier survived in any note; of 271 residual instances, 199 (73.4%) concerned institutional identity, chiefly the hospital letterhead. The over-redaction rate was 2.82% (190/6,747 probes; 95% CI 2.45-3.24). The egress guard flagged 2 of 271 residuals, both complete telephone numbers. Two independent runs gave identical verdicts. Conclusions: A fully local, deterministic pipeline removed 98.5% of direct patient identifiers from Greek clinical text while altering under 3% of protected clinical content; most residuals concerned the institution, not the patient. To our knowledge this is the first benchmark evaluation of clinical-text de-identification for Greek and the first quantified evaluation of an independent egress-guard layer.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

strong

Expert Verification

Directly usable for protocol triage.

"Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text."

Evaluation Modes

strong

Automatic Metrics

Includes extracted eval setup.

"Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text."

Quality Controls

strong

Inter Annotator Agreement Reported

Calibration/adjudication style controls detected.

"Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text."

Benchmarks / Datasets

missing

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text."

Reported Metrics

strong

F1, Recall, Agreement

Useful for evaluation criteria comparison.

"Notes were pre-annotated at generation; two clinicians then independently reviewed and corrected every note, blinded to each other, with disagreements arbitrated."

Rater Population

strong

Domain Experts

Helpful for staffing comparability.

"Results: Inter-annotator agreement was F1 = 0.998."

Benchmarks and datasets

No benchmark or dataset names were extracted from the available abstract.

Reported metrics

f1recallagreement
Human feedback details
Uses human feedback
Yes
Feedback types
Expert Verification
Rater population
Domain Experts
Expertise required
Medicine
Evaluation details
Evaluation modes
Automatic Metrics
Agentic eval
None
Quality controls
Inter Annotator Agreement Reported
Evidence quality
High
Use this page as
Primary protocol reference for eval design

Research brief

Metadata summary

Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text.
  • We evaluated Morpheus, a fully local de-identification pipeline for Greek clinical documents, on 500 synthetic discharge summaries.
  • Methods: The notes (300 cardiac surgery, 100 cardiology, 100 nephrology) were generated by a frontier large language model (Gemini 3.1 Pro) constrained to authentic Greek hospital document layouts.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Validate inferred eval signals (Automatic metrics) against the full paper.
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

Contribution summary

  • Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text.
  • Results: Inter-annotator agreement was F1 = 0.998.
  • To our knowledge this is the first benchmark evaluation of clinical-text de-identification for Greek and the first quantified evaluation of an independent egress-guard layer.

Why it matters for eval

  • Background and Objective: Clinical free text cannot leave the hospital without de-identification, yet no de-identification system or benchmark exists for Greek clinical text.
  • Results: Inter-annotator agreement was F1 = 0.998.

Researcher checklist

  • Human feedback protocol is explicit

    Detected: Expert Verification

  • Evaluation mode is explicit

    Detected: Automatic Metrics

  • Quality control reporting appears

    Detected: Inter Annotator Agreement Reported

  • Benchmark or dataset anchors are present

    No benchmark/dataset anchor extracted from abstract.

  • Metric reporting is present

    Detected: f1, recall, agreement