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HFEPX · Eval paper review

TIRE: Top-Down Formula Instantiation with Reliable Execution for Physics Problem Synthesis

Xiaoyu Wu, Zhaoxin Yu, Xinglin Xiao, Nan Xu

Published

Oct 18, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

Low

Usefulness score

0/100 (Low)

Extraction confidence

35% (Low)

Derived from extracted protocol signals and abstract evidence.

Rater population

Domain Experts

Signals refreshed

Oct 18, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

This paper is adjacent to HFEPX scope and is best used for background context, not as a primary protocol reference.

Use this as background context only. Do not make protocol decisions from this page alone.

Best use

Background context only

Use if you need

A secondary eval reference to pair with stronger protocol papers.

What to verify

Validate the evaluation procedure and quality controls in the full paper before operational use.

Main weakness

This paper looks adjacent to evaluation work, but not like a strong protocol reference.

Human feedback signal
Not explicit
Not explicit in abstract metadata
Evaluation signal
Detected
Eval setup described
Usefulness for eval research
0/100
Adjacent candidate

Treat as adjacent context, not a core eval-method reference.

Abstract

Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers. Expert-designed problems offer top-down control over physical laws, conditions, and scenarios, but require costly human effort. LLM-based synthesis from texts scales efficiently, but model-generated answers and assessments leave supervision vulnerable to hallucinations. We introduce TIRE, a framework for Top-Down Formula Instantiation with Reliable Execution that brings knowledge-driven problem construction to large-scale data generation. Top-down instantiation uses reusable physical formulas and their applicability conditions to control the physical relations and numerical configurations of generated problems. Reliable execution establishes reference answers before problem generation, providing a common numerical foundation for problem construction and teacher distillation. Together, these mechanisms combine control over problem content with execution-grounded supervision for both supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning. Using TIRE, we construct TIRE-19k, spanning nine subfields of physics. Across 3 backbone LLMs and 4 benchmarks, TIRE-19k outperforms 5 representative datasets with equal amounts of SFT data, exceeding the strongest baseline by 2.86 percentage points on average. Further GRPO raises Qwen3-8B's average accuracy by 1.52 percentage points over its TIRE-19k SFT checkpoint. These results demonstrate the value of generating physics training data from explicit physical knowledge with reliable execution.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

missing

None explicit

No explicit feedback protocol extracted.

"Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers."

Evaluation Modes

partial

Automatic Metrics

Includes extracted eval setup.

"Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers."

Quality Controls

missing

Not reported

No explicit QC controls found.

"Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers."

Benchmarks / Datasets

missing

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers."

Reported Metrics

partial

Accuracy

Useful for evaluation criteria comparison.

"Further GRPO raises Qwen3-8B's average accuracy by 1.52 percentage points over its TIRE-19k SFT checkpoint."

Rater Population

partial

Domain Experts

Helpful for staffing comparability.

"Expert-designed problems offer top-down control over physical laws, conditions, and scenarios, but require costly human effort."

Benchmarks and datasets

No benchmark or dataset names were extracted from the available abstract.

Reported metrics

accuracy
Human feedback details
Uses human feedback
No
Feedback types
None
Rater population
Domain Experts
Expertise required
General
Evaluation details
Evaluation modes
Automatic Metrics
Agentic eval
None
Quality controls
Not reported
Evidence quality
Low
Use this page as
Background context only

Research brief

Metadata summary

Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • Advancing physics reasoning in large language models requires scalable training data that connect physical laws, concrete problem scenarios, and verifiable numerical answers.
  • Expert-designed problems offer top-down control over physical laws, conditions, and scenarios, but require costly human effort.
  • LLM-based synthesis from texts scales efficiently, but model-generated answers and assessments leave supervision vulnerable to hallucinations.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Validate inferred eval signals (Automatic metrics) against the full paper.
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

Contribution summary

  • Expert-designed problems offer top-down control over physical laws, conditions, and scenarios, but require costly human effort.
  • We introduce TIRE, a framework for Top-Down Formula Instantiation with Reliable Execution that brings knowledge-driven problem construction to large-scale data generation.
  • Across 3 backbone LLMs and 4 benchmarks, TIRE-19k outperforms 5 representative datasets with equal amounts of SFT data, exceeding the strongest baseline by 2.86 percentage points on average.

Why it matters for eval

  • Expert-designed problems offer top-down control over physical laws, conditions, and scenarios, but require costly human effort.
  • Across 3 backbone LLMs and 4 benchmarks, TIRE-19k outperforms 5 representative datasets with equal amounts of SFT data, exceeding the strongest baseline by 2.86 percentage points on average.

Researcher checklist

  • Human feedback protocol is explicit

    No explicit human feedback protocol detected.

  • Evaluation mode is explicit

    Detected: Automatic Metrics

  • Quality control reporting appears

    No calibration/adjudication/IAA control explicitly detected.

  • Benchmark or dataset anchors are present

    No benchmark/dataset anchor extracted from abstract.

  • Metric reporting is present

    Detected: accuracy