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HFEPX · Eval paper review

Beyond Reward Engineering: A Data Recipe for Long-Context Reinforcement Learning

Xiaoyue Xu, Sikui Zhang, Xiaorong Wang, Xu Han +1 more

Published

Jun 17, 2026

Citations

0

Trust level

Provisional

Usefulness score

Unavailable

Extraction confidence

0% (Provisional)

Derived from abstract and metadata only.

Signals refreshed

Jun 17, 2026

Should you rely on this paper?

Signal extraction is still processing. This page currently shows metadata-first guidance until structured protocol fields are ready.

This page is a lightweight research summary built from the abstract and metadata while deeper extraction catches up.

Best use

Background context only

Use if you need

A provisional background reference while structured extraction finishes.

What to verify

Read the full paper before copying any benchmark, metric, or protocol choices.

Main weakness

This page is still relying on abstract and metadata signals, not a fuller protocol read.

Human feedback signal
Not explicit
Not explicit in abstract metadata
Evaluation signal
Weak or implicit
Validate from full paper
Usefulness for eval research
Unavailable
Provisional (processing)

Eval-fit score is unavailable until extraction completes.

Abstract

Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories. Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a dominant paradigm for improving this ability, yet existing work largely focuses on reward engineering while diverse training data remains scarce. We revisit this problem from a data-centric perspective and show that a simple yet effective data recipe alone, paired with a minimal outcome-based GRPO setup, suffices to substantially improve long-context reasoning. Our recipe targets three complementary task families -- retrieval, multi-evidence synthesis, and reasoning -- for which we construct and curate eight datasets totaling ~14K examples. Experiments on three models (Qwen3-4B/8B/30B-A3B) yield average gains of +7.2/+3.2/+6.4 points across seven long-context benchmarks, surpassing prior RL training sets. We further demonstrate that these gains transfer to agentic tasks, where continuing RL training on an agent-tuned model with our data recipe improves GAIA by +4.8 and BrowseComp by +7.0 points. We will release our datasets to facilitate future research.

What we could verify

These are the protocol signals we could actually recover from the available paper metadata. Use them to decide whether this paper is worth deeper reading.

Human Feedback Types

provisional (inferred)

None explicit

No explicit feedback protocol extracted.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Evaluation Modes

provisional (inferred)

None explicit

Validate eval design from full paper text.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Quality Controls

provisional (inferred)

Not reported

No explicit QC controls found.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Benchmarks / Datasets

provisional (inferred)

Not extracted

No benchmark anchors detected.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Reported Metrics

provisional (inferred)

Not extracted

No metric anchors detected.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Rater Population

provisional (inferred)

Unknown

Rater source not explicitly reported.

"Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories."

Human feedback details

This page is using abstract-level cues only right now. Treat the signals below as provisional.

  • Potential human-data signal: No explicit human-data keywords detected.
  • Potential benchmark anchors: No benchmark names detected in abstract.
  • Abstract highlights: 3 key sentence(s) extracted below.
Evaluation details

Evaluation fields are inferred from the abstract only.

  • Potential evaluation modes: No explicit eval keywords detected.
  • Potential metric signals: No metric keywords detected.
  • Confidence: Provisional (metadata-only fallback).

Research brief

Metadata summary

Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories.

Based on abstract + metadata only. Check the source paper before making high-confidence protocol decisions.

Key takeaways

  • Long-context reasoning is an essential capability for large language models, particularly when they are deployed as autonomous agents that must reason over lengthy trajectories.
  • Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a dominant paradigm for improving this ability, yet existing work largely focuses on reward engineering while diverse training data remains scarce.
  • We revisit this problem from a data-centric perspective and show that a simple yet effective data recipe alone, paired with a minimal outcome-based GRPO setup, suffices to substantially improve long-context reasoning.

Researcher actions

  • Compare this paper against nearby papers in the same arXiv category before using it for protocol decisions.
  • Check the full text for explicit evaluation design choices (raters, protocol, and metrics).
  • Use related-paper links to find stronger protocol-specific references.

Caveats

  • Generated from abstract + metadata only; no PDF parsing.
  • Signals below are heuristic and may miss details reported outside the abstract.

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