Domain-Specific Quality Estimation for Machine Translation in Low-Resource Scenarios

Namrata Patil Gurav, Akashdeep Ranu, Archchana Sindhujan, Diptesh Kanojia · Mar 7, 2026 · Citations: 0

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Evidence quality

Low

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Abstract

Quality Estimation (QE) is essential for assessing machine translation quality in reference-less settings, particularly for domain-specific and low-resource language scenarios. In this paper, we investigate sentence-level QE for English to Indic machine translation across four domains (Healthcare, Legal, Tourism, and General) and five language pairs. We systematically compare zero-shot, few-shot, and guideline-anchored prompting across selected closed-weight and open-weight LLMs. Findings indicate that while closed-weight models achieve strong performance via prompting alone, prompt-only approaches remain fragile for open-weight models, especially in high-risk domains. To address this, we adopt ALOPE, a framework for LLM-based QE that uses Low-Rank Adaptation with regression heads attached to selected intermediate Transformer layers. We also extend ALOPE with recently proposed Low-Rank Multiplicative Adaptation (LoRMA). Our results show that intermediate-layer adaptation consistently improves QE performance, with gains in semantically complex domains, indicating a path toward more robust QE in practical scenarios. We release code and domain-specific QE datasets publicly to support further research.

Abstract-only analysis — low confidence

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Main weakness

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Trust level

Low

Usefulness score

0/100 • Low

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Human Feedback Signal

Not explicit in abstract metadata

Evaluation Signal

Weak / implicit signal

Usefulness for eval research

Adjacent candidate

Extraction confidence 15%

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