- AgentHER: Hindsight Experience Replay for LLM Agent Trajectory Relabeling
Liang Ding · Mar 22, 2026 · Citations: 0
Demonstrations Human EvalLlm As Judge Long Horizon
LLM agents fail on the majority of real-world tasks -- GPT-4o succeeds on fewer than 15% of WebArena navigation tasks and below 55% pass@1 on ToolBench (Zhou et al., 2024; Qin et al., 2024) -- yet every failed trajectory is routinely…
- Let's Think in Two Steps: Mitigating Agreement Bias in MLLMs with Self-Grounded Verification
Moises Andrade, Joonhyuk Cha, Brandon Ho, Vriksha Srihari, Karmesh Yadav · Jul 15, 2025 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic MetricsSimulation Env Long Horizon
We evaluate MLLM verifiers across web navigation, computer use, and robotics, spanning 13+ models, 28+ designs, and thousands of trajectories from diverse agents.
- CounselReflect: A Toolkit for Auditing Mental-Health Dialogues
Yahan Li, Chaohao Du, Zeyang Li, Christopher Chun Kuizon, Shupeng Cheng · Mar 31, 2026 · Citations: 0
Rubric RatingExpert Verification Human Eval Web Browsing
The system integrates two families of evaluation signals: (i) 12 model-based metrics produced by task-specific predictors, and (ii) rubric-based metrics that extend coverage via a literature-derived library (69 metrics) and user-defined…
- Vision-DeepResearch Benchmark: Rethinking Visual and Textual Search for Multimodal Large Language Models
Yu Zeng, Wenxuan Huang, Zhen Fang, Shuang Chen, Yufan Shen · Feb 2, 2026 · Citations: 0
Expert Verification Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
However, evaluating these visual and textual search abilities is still difficult, and existing benchmarks have two major limitations.
- SODIUM: From Open Web Data to Queryable Databases
Chuxuan Hu, Philip Li, Maxwell Yang, Daniel Kang · Mar 19, 2026 · Citations: 0
Expert Verification Automatic Metrics Multi Agent
Existing systems struggle with SODIUM tasks: we evaluate 6 advanced AI agents on SODIUM-Bench, with the strongest baseline achieving only 46.5% accuracy.
- When Users Change Their Mind: Evaluating Interruptible Agents in Long-Horizon Web Navigation
Henry Peng Zou, Chunyu Miao, Wei-Chieh Huang, Yankai Chen, Yue Zhou · Apr 1, 2026 · Citations: 0
Critique Edit Simulation Env Long Horizon
As LLM agents transition from short, static problem solving to executing complex, long-horizon tasks in dynamic environments, the ability to handle user interruptions, such as adding requirement or revising goals, during mid-task execution…
- Meanings and Measurements: Multi-Agent Probabilistic Grounding for Vision-Language Navigation
Swagat Padhan, Lakshya Jain, Bhavya Minesh Shah, Omkar Patil, Thao Nguyen · Mar 19, 2026 · Citations: 0
Demonstrations Simulation Env Multi Agent
To address this limitation, we propose MAPG (Multi-Agent Probabilistic Grounding), an agentic framework that decomposes language queries into structured subcomponents and queries a VLM to ground each component.
- MemoryArena: Benchmarking Agent Memory in Interdependent Multi-Session Agentic Tasks
Zexue He, Yu Wang, Churan Zhi, Yuanzhe Hu, Tzu-Ping Chen · Feb 18, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Existing evaluations of agents with memory typically assess memorization and action in isolation.
- RedTeamCUA: Realistic Adversarial Testing of Computer-Use Agents in Hybrid Web-OS Environments
Zeyi Liao, Jaylen Jones, Linxi Jiang, Yuting Ning, Eric Fosler-Lussier · May 28, 2025 · Citations: 0
Red Team Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Using RedTeamCUA, we develop RTC-Bench, a comprehensive benchmark with 864 examples that investigate realistic, hybrid web-OS attack scenarios and fundamental security vulnerabilities.
- InnoEval: On Research Idea Evaluation as a Knowledge-Grounded, Multi-Perspective Reasoning Problem
Shuofei Qiao, Yunxiang Wei, Xuehai Wang, Bin Wu, Boyang Xue · Feb 16, 2026 · Citations: 0
Llm As Judge Web Browsing
The rapid evolution of Large Language Models has catalyzed a surge in scientific idea production, yet this leap has not been accompanied by a matching advance in idea evaluation.
- Vibe Code Bench: Evaluating AI Models on End-to-End Web Application Development
Hung Tran, Langston Nashold, Rayan Krishnan, Antoine Bigeard, Alex Gu · Mar 4, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
We introduce Vibe Code Bench, a benchmark of 100 web application specifications (50 public validation, 50 held-out test) with 964 browser-based workflows comprising 10,131 substeps, evaluated against deployed applications by an autonomous…
- Go-Browse: Training Web Agents with Structured Exploration
Apurva Gandhi, Graham Neubig · Jun 4, 2025 · Citations: 0
Simulation Env Web Browsing
To address this, we propose Go-Browse, a method for automatically collecting diverse and realistic web agent data at scale through structured exploration of web environments.
- Sabiá-4 Technical Report
Thiago Laitz, Thales Sales Almeida, Hugo Abonizio, Roseval Malaquias Junior, Giovana Kerche Bonás · Mar 10, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics Tool Use
The models were developed through a four-stage training pipeline: continued pre-training on Portuguese and Brazilian legal corpora, long-context extension to 128K tokens, supervised fine-tuning on instruction data spanning chat, code, legal…
- MUSE: A Run-Centric Platform for Multimodal Unified Safety Evaluation of Large Language Models
Zhongxi Wang, Yueqian Lin, Jingyang Zhang, Hai Helen Li, Yiran Chen · Mar 3, 2026 · Citations: 0
Red Team Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Safety evaluation and red-teaming of large language models remain predominantly text-centric, and existing frameworks lack the infrastructure to systematically test whether alignment generalizes to audio, image, and video inputs.
- Modeling Distinct Human Interaction in Web Agents
Faria Huq, Zora Zhiruo Wang, Zhanqiu Guo, Venu Arvind Arangarajan, Tianyue Ou · Feb 19, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
In this work, we introduce the task of modeling human intervention to support collaborative web task execution.
- CowPilot: A Framework for Autonomous and Human-Agent Collaborative Web Navigation
Faria Huq, Zora Zhiruo Wang, Frank F. Xu, Tianyue Ou, Shuyan Zhou · Jan 28, 2025 · Citations: 0
Pairwise PreferenceDemonstrations Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
We propose CowPilot, a framework supporting autonomous as well as human-agent collaborative web navigation, and evaluation across task success and task efficiency.
- LUDOBENCH: Evaluating LLM Behavioural Decision-Making Through Spot-Based Board Game Scenarios in Ludo
Ojas Jain, Dhruv Kumar · Apr 7, 2026 · Citations: 0
Simulation Env Multi Agent
We introduce LudoBench, a benchmark for evaluating LLM strategic reasoning in Ludo, a stochastic multi-agent board game whose dice mechanics, piece capture, safe-square navigation, and home-path progression introduce meaningful planning…
- DongYuan: An LLM-Based Framework for Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Spleen-Stomach Disorders Diagnosis
Hua Li, Yingying Li, Xiaobin Feng, Xinyi Fu, Lifeng Dong · Mar 30, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Web Browsing
While large language models (LLMs) offer new potential for medical applications, they face three major challenges in the context of integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM): a lack of high-quality data, the absence of models capable…
- Mobile-Agent-v3.5: Multi-platform Fundamental GUI Agents
Haiyang Xu, Xi Zhang, Haowei Liu, Junyang Wang, Zhaozai Zhu · Feb 15, 2026 · Citations: 0
Simulation Env Long Horizon
The paper introduces GUI-Owl-1.5, the latest native GUI agent model that features instruct/thinking variants in multiple sizes (2B/4B/8B/32B/235B) and supports a range of platforms (desktop, mobile, browser, and more) to enable cloud-edge…
- Aligning Large Language Models with Searcher Preferences
Wei Wu, Peilun Zhou, Liyi Chen, Qimeng Wang, Chengqiang Lu · Mar 11, 2026 · Citations: 0
Pairwise Preference Web Browsing
This setting introduces challenges, including robustness to noisy retrieval, non-negotiable safety guarantees, and alignment with diverse user needs.
- TimeWarp: Evaluating Web Agents by Revisiting the Past
Md Farhan Ishmam, Kenneth Marino · Mar 5, 2026 · Citations: 0
Demonstrations Web Browsing
The improvement of web agents on current benchmarks raises the question: Do today's agents perform just as well when the web changes?
- Don't Overthink It: Inter-Rollout Action Agreement as a Free Adaptive-Compute Signal for LLM Agents
Khushal Sethi · Apr 9, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Long Horizon
We introduce TrACE (Trajectorical Adaptive Compute via agrEement), a training-free controller that allocates LLM calls adaptively across agent timesteps by measuring inter-rollout action agreement.
- Healthy LLMs? Benchmarking LLM Knowledge of UK Government Public Health Information
Joshua Harris, Fan Grayson, Felix Feldman, Timothy Laurence, Toby Nonnenmacher · May 9, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
However, while there are a number of LLM benchmarks in the medical domain, currently little is known about LLM knowledge within the field of public health.
- SpatiaLab: Can Vision-Language Models Perform Spatial Reasoning in the Wild?
Azmine Toushik Wasi, Wahid Faisal, Abdur Rahman, Mahfuz Ahmed Anik, Munem Shahriar · Feb 3, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
To address this, we introduce SpatiaLab, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating VLMs' spatial reasoning in realistic, unconstrained contexts.
- A Benchmark for Deep Information Synthesis
Debjit Paul, Daniel Murphy, Milan Gritta, Ronald Cardenas, Victor Prokhorov · Feb 24, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Tool Use
To address this, we introduce DEEPSYNTH, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate agents on realistic, time-consuming problems that combine information gathering, synthesis, and structured reasoning to produce insights.
- AgentGL: Towards Agentic Graph Learning with LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Yuanfu Sun, Kang Li, Dongzhe Fan, Jiajin Liu, Qiaoyu Tan · Apr 7, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Tool Use
To bridge this gap, we introduce Agentic Graph Learning (AGL), a paradigm that reframes graph learning as an interleaved process of topology-aware navigation and LLM-based inference.
- From Guessing to Placeholding: A Cost-Theoretic Framework for Uncertainty-Aware Code Completion
Liang Zhu, Haolin Chen, Lidong Zhao, Xian Wu · Apr 2, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Extensive evaluations across 1.5B--14B parameter models demonstrate that APC reduces expected editing costs from 19% to 50% while preserving standard HC performance.
- Beyond Explicit Edges: Robust Reasoning over Noisy and Sparse Knowledge Graphs
Hang Gao, Dimitris N. Metaxas · Mar 14, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
INSES consistently outperforms SOTA RAG and GraphRAG baselines across multiple benchmarks.
- Strategic Navigation or Stochastic Search? How Agents and Humans Reason Over Document Collections
Łukasz Borchmann, Jordy Van Landeghem, Michał Turski, Shreyansh Padarha, Ryan Othniel Kearns · Mar 12, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
To evaluate agentic behaviour, we introduce a novel evaluation protocol measuring the accuracy-effort trade-off.
- Human-Centred LLM Privacy Audits: Findings and Frictions
Dimitri Staufer, Kirsten Morehouse, David Hartmann, Bettina Berendt · Mar 12, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Our findings also contribute to exposing a broader generative AI evaluation crisis: when outputs are probabilistic, context-dependent, and user-mediated through elicitation, what model--individual associations even include is…
- Replaying pre-training data improves fine-tuning
Suhas Kotha, Percy Liang · Mar 5, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
We demonstrate the success of replay in practice for fine-tuning 8B parameter models, improving agentic web navigation success by 4.5\% and Basque question-answering accuracy by 2\%.
- GUI-Libra: Training Native GUI Agents to Reason and Act with Action-aware Supervision and Partially Verifiable RL
Rui Yang, Qianhui Wu, Zhaoyang Wang, Hanyang Chen, Ke Yang · Feb 25, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Long Horizon
Open-source native GUI agents still lag behind closed-source systems on long-horizon navigation tasks.
- Mind the Style: Impact of Communication Style on Human-Chatbot Interaction
Erik Derner, Dalibor Kučera, Aditya Gulati, Ayoub Bagheri, Nuria Oliver · Feb 19, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
Conversational agents increasingly mediate everyday digital interactions, yet the effects of their communication style on user experience and task success remain unclear.
- The Automatic Verification of Image-Text Claims (AVerImaTeC) Shared Task
Rui Cao, Zhenyun Deng, Yulong Chen, Michael Schlichtkrull, Andreas Vlachos · Feb 11, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
The winning team, HUMANE, achieved an AVerImaTeC score of 0.5455.
- INSURE-Dial: A Phase-Aware Conversational Dataset & Benchmark for Compliance Verification and Phase Detection
Shubham Kulkarni, Alexander Lyzhov, Preetam Joshi, Shiva Chaitanya · Jan 28, 2026 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Web Browsing
We introduce INSURE-Dial, to our knowledge the first public benchmark for developing and assessing compliance-aware voice agents for phase-aware call auditing with span-based compliance verification.
- WebDS: An End-to-End Benchmark for Web-based Data Science
Ethan Hsu, Hong Meng Yam, Ines Bouissou, Aaron Murali John, Raj Thota · Aug 2, 2025 · Citations: 0
Automatic Metrics Long Horizon
In response, we introduce WebDS, the first end-to-end web-based data science benchmark.
- Structural Feature Engineering for Generative Engine Optimization: How Content Structure Shapes Citation Behavior
Junwei Yu, Mufeng Yang, Yepeng Ding, Hiroyuki Sato · Mar 31, 2026 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
Experimental evaluation across six mainstream generative engines demonstrates consistent improvements in citation rate (17.3 percent) and subjective quality (18.5 percent), validating the effectiveness and generalizability of the proposed…
- GraphWalker: Agentic Knowledge Graph Question Answering via Synthetic Trajectory Curriculum
Shuwen Xu, Yao Xu, Jiaxiang Liu, Chenhao Yuan, Wenshuo Peng · Mar 30, 2026 · Citations: 0
Long Horizon
Agentic knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) requires an agent to iteratively interact with knowledge graphs (KGs), posing challenges in both training data scarcity and reasoning generalization.
- Grid Spatial Understanding: A Dataset for Textual Spatial Reasoning over Grids, Embodied Settings, and Coordinate Structures
Risham Sidhu, Julia Hockenmaier · Mar 18, 2026 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
By forgoing visual inputs, isolating spatial reasoning from perception, we show that while most models grasp basic grid concepts, they struggle with frames of reference relative to an embodied agent and identifying 3D shapes from coordinate…
- Why Do LLM-based Web Agents Fail? A Hierarchical Planning Perspective
Mohamed Aghzal, Gregory J. Stein, Ziyu Yao · Mar 15, 2026 · Citations: 0
Long Horizon
Large language model (LLM) web agents are increasingly used for web navigation but remain far from human reliability on realistic, long-horizon tasks.
- A Browser-based Open Source Assistant for Multimodal Content Verification
Rosanna Milner, Michael Foster, Twin Karmakharm, Olesya Razuvayevskaya, Ian Roberts · Mar 3, 2026 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
Abstract shows limited direct human-feedback or evaluation-protocol detail; use as adjacent methodological context.
- Truncated Step-Level Sampling with Process Rewards for Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning
Chris Samarinas, Haw-Shiuan Chang, Hamed Zamani · Feb 26, 2026 · Citations: 0
Long Horizon
Second, dense, decomposed process rewards separately evaluate reasoning quality, query quality, and answer correctness on a ternary scale via an LLM judge, providing richer supervision than binary outcome signals or heuristic step-level…
- UI-Venus-1.5 Technical Report
Venus Team, Changlong Gao, Zhangxuan Gu, Yulin Liu, Xinyu Qiu · Feb 9, 2026 · Citations: 0
Long Horizon
In this report, we present UI-Venus-1.5, a unified, end-to-end GUI Agent designed for robust real-world applications.
- NavSpace: How Navigation Agents Follow Spatial Intelligence Instructions
Haolin Yang, Yuxing Long, Zhuoyuan Yu, Zihan Yang, Minghan Wang · Oct 9, 2025 · Citations: 0
Long Horizon
Prior benchmarks mainly focus on semantic understanding but overlook systematically evaluating navigation agents' spatial perception and reasoning capabilities.
- TURA: Tool-Augmented Unified Retrieval Agent for AI Search
Zhejun Zhao, Yuchen Li, Alley Liu, Yuehu Dong, Xiaolong Wei · Aug 6, 2025 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
To bridge this gap, we introduce TURA (Tool-Augmented Unified Retrieval Agent for AI Search), a novel three-stage framework that combines RAG with agentic tool-use to access both static content and dynamic, real-time information.
- Automated Web Application Testing: End-to-End Test Case Generation with Large Language Models and Screen Transition Graphs
Nguyen-Khang Le, Quan Minh Bui, Minh Ngoc Nguyen, Hiep Nguyen, Trung Vo · Jun 3, 2025 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
Abstract shows limited direct human-feedback or evaluation-protocol detail; use as adjacent methodological context.
- Visual Planning: Let's Think Only with Images
Yi Xu, Chengzu Li, Han Zhou, Xingchen Wan, Caiqi Zhang · May 16, 2025 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
In this paradigm, planning is executed via sequences of images that encode step-by-step inference in the visual domain, akin to how humans sketch or visualize future actions.
- NativQA Framework: Enabling LLMs and VLMs with Native, Local, and Everyday Knowledge
Firoj Alam, Md Arid Hasan, Sahinur Rahman Laskar, Mucahid Kutlu, Kareem Darwish · Apr 8, 2025 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
The developed resources can be used for LLMs benchmarking and further fine-tuning.
- Green Prompting: Characterizing Prompt-driven Energy Costs of LLM Inference
Marta Adamska, Daria Smirnova, Hamid Nasiri, Zhengxin Yu, Peter Garraghan · Mar 9, 2025 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
Abstract shows limited direct human-feedback or evaluation-protocol detail; use as adjacent methodological context.
- Usability Study of Security Features in Programmable Logic Controllers
Karen Li, Kopo M. Ramokapane, Awais Rashid · Aug 4, 2022 · Citations: 0
Web Browsing
Our results uncover various misperceptions about the security controls and how design constraints, e.g., safety and lack of regular updates due to the long-term nature of such systems, provide significant challenges to the realization of…