Iterative surrogate model optimization (ISMO): An active learning algorithm for PDE constrained optimization with deep neural networks

There is no verified maintained implementation yet. Use this baseline plan to decide whether to prototype now or defer.

• This is primarily a method paper. Reproduce it within a maintained framework baseline instead of chasing paper-specific repos.
• Start with framework-native implementations (e.g. PyTorch optimizer module, Optax, or Transformers training loops).
• Replicate the paper ablation settings first, then compare against modern baselines.